Multi-Ligament Reconstruction

Phase 1 (0-6 weeks):

Brace: Dynamic PCL brace with ROM set at: 0-60 x 2 weeks then 0-90 x 4 weeks

IF LCL/PLC repair/recon: 0-30 x 2 weeks, 0-90 x 4 weeks

ROM: Obtain full extension avoiding overpressure and posterior sag at knee

Flexion ROM (IN PRONE POSITION) OOB: 0-60 x 1 week then 0-90 x 3 weeks then gradual progression to full

WB: WBAT in full extension

IF LCL/PLC repair/recon: TTWB x 2 weeks, PWB x 2 weeks, WBAT POW 4

Therapeutic Exercises:

  • *Avoid hamstring activation*

  • Week 0-4: Quad sets, E-stim, SLR, weight shifts, open chain quads 

  • Week 4: Can begin DL leg press, step ups, and mini squats from 0-60 

    • Swelling control (Including GameReady and patient ed)

    • Patellar mobilizations: Use gentle soft tissue techniques for areas such as anterior interval/fat pad, quadriceps, hamstrings, and scar management

Can begin walking without crutches at POW 6 if patient has symmetric gait without limp, is able to perform 30 SLR without lag, is able to perform 20 seconds of SL balance, and has full extension


Phase 2 (weeks 6-12):

ROM: Maintain extension and progress to full flexion

Therapeutic Exercises: Initiate proprioception exercises: foam pad, balance board

No open chain HS strengthening

Squat progressions from 0-60 ONLY as follows: DL leg press>DL mini squats> DL elevated chair squats> DL body weight squats> SL leg press> SL step ups> Static lunge split squat> SL step downs> SL squats> SL split squat with elevated back leg

Core exercises

Criteria to be met before jogging and initiation of Phase 3:

  • symmetric knee extension

  • minimal effusion

  • 120 degrees flexion

  • Quad and HS strength 70% normal

  • able to perform one minute single leg squats with good balance

Phase 3 (weeks 12-24):

Progression to full gym strengthening and all squat and closed chain strengthening 0-90 including barbell squats

May initiate deadlifts as well as progressive isolated HS strengthening

Initiate stationary biking and rowing machine

Initiate jogging with gradual progression of duration as tolerated:

Running prep exercises:

-focus on the deceleration phase such as DL speed squats, DL drop squats, DL “bounce bounce bounce squat”, then progress to alternating SL drop squats. 

Initiate jogging and progress to in-line running:

-Begin on treadmill with 2- 3 days per week. Begin with 1:1 or 2:1 walk to jog ratios, (ie. 1 min walk to 1 min jog or 2 min walk to 1 min jog). Then progress each week by 1 min jog until 12-15 min of jogging is achieved.

Can begin swimming with straight kicks

Week 20: may introduce light, low-paced agility, ladder drills, double leg box jumps, and side shuffles

Criteria to advance to Phase 4: Plyometrics, advanced agility and sport-specific training:

  • 24 weeks post op

  • Quad strength 85% normal 50% H/Q Ratio for females

  • Able to perform 2 minutes of SL squats with good balance

Phase 4 (week 24+): Advanced agility, plyometrics and sport-specific training

Continue to advance barbell squats, deadlifts, Olympic lifts

Dynamic eccentric loading: double & single leg 

Dynamic core: rotational and anti-rotational drills

Change of direction drills: begin with < 90°, progress to 90° and greater 

Introduce unpredictable agility movements 

Max effort box jumps

Begin SL hops and progress to Max effort DL and SL jumps

Non-contact sports specific drills

Begin track workouts: gradually advance linear speed and interval sprinting drills

Advance strengthening, speed, and conditioning to performance level preparedness. 

Can begin RTP progression at 9 months as long as the following criteria is met:

  • - > 75/100 on ACL-RSI survey

  • -Quad & HS strength > 95% normal

  • - > 60% H/Q ratio for females

  • - 95% normal SL hop tests 

  • -95% normal Figure of 8, 5-10-5 pro agility test, & SL vertical jump

 

If all of the above met will advance with return to practice → return to contact practice → return to scrimmage → return to interval play →return to full play